Comparative analysis of essential oil composition and phenolic content in five Artemisia species

Hacer DAĞAŞAN; Mehtap ÖZTEKİN; Ahmet YILMAZ; Mukaddes KOCAOĞLU KAVAS; Ayşe YILDIZ

doi:10.55779/nsb18112850

Authors

Hacer DAĞAŞAN 1) The National Botanical Garden of Türkiye, Department of Scientific Collections, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara; 2) Ankara University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100 Ankara (TR) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1404-762X
Mehtap ÖZTEKİN The National Botanical Garden of Türkiye, Department of Scientific Collections, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara (TR) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9755-5499
Ahmet YILMAZ The National Botanical Garden of Türkiye, Department of Scientific Collections, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara (TR) https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1308-6018
Mukaddes KOCAOĞLU KAVAS The National Botanical Garden of Türkiye, Department of Scientific Collections, 06800 Çankaya, Ankara (TR) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-1176
Ayşe YILDIZ Soil, Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 06172 Yenimahalle, Ankara (TR) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3154-1398

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb18112850

Keywords:

Artemisia, chemotype, Folin–Ciocalteu assay, GC–MS/FID, medicinal and aromatic plants, phytochemical variation

Abstract

The genus Artemisia exhibits remarkable phytochemical diversity, largely associated with variations in essential oil composition and phenolic constituents. This study comparatively evaluated the essential oil profiles and total phenolic contents of five Artemisia taxa (A. oliveriana, A. chamaemelifolia, A. bashkalensis, A. taurica var. vanensis, and A. santonicum subsp. patens), including endemic taxa from Türkiye. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC–MS/FID, while total phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The results revealed substantial qualitative and quantitative differences among taxa. A. oliveriana, A. chamaemelifolia and A. taurica var. vanensis were dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes, mainly camphor and 1,8-cineole, whereas A. bashkalensis exhibited a borneol-rich chemotype. In contrast, A. santonicum subsp. patens showed a distinct profile dominated by acenaphthylene and sesquiterpenes. Total phenolic content varied significantly among taxa, with the highest levels detected in A. taurica var. vanensis and A. santonicum subsp. patens. These findings demonstrate pronounced chemotypic differentiation within Artemisia taxa and indicate the influence of ecological and geographical factors on their phytochemical variability.

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