In-vitro evaluation of cell free supernatant from Aerococcus viridans isolated from Oreochromis niloticus: Probiotic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities

Sreelakshmi KUNJIKULANGARA; Ramasubramanian VENKATACHALAM

doi:10.55779/nsb17212288

Authors

Sreelakshmi KUNJIKULANGARA Bharathiar University, Department of Zoology, Aquatic Biotechnology and Live Feed Culture Lab, Coimbatore-641046, Tamil Nadu (IN)
Ramasubramanian VENKATACHALAM Bharathiar University, Department of Zoology, Aquatic Biotechnology and Live Feed Culture Lab, Coimbatore-641046, Tamil Nadu (IN)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55779/nsb17212288

Keywords:

Aerococcus viridans, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, antioxidant, Nile tilapia, probiotics

Abstract

Probiotics like Aerococcus viridans can influence gut microbiota composition, aiding in the maintenance of a healthy gastrointestinal tract barrier. This study evaluated the probiotic properties and cell free supernatant (CFS) from A. viridans isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The strain showed resistance to lysozyme, bile, and pH variations, displaying antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans. It was sensitive to Gentamicin and Vancomycin but resistant to several other antibiotics. Antioxidant activities (DPPH and ABTS assays) demonstrated a concentration-dependent increase in scavenging activity. The cell free supernatant (CFS) exhibited in vitro anti-colon cancer activity against HT-29 cells, showing a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability with an IC50 of 25 ± 1.5 µg/ml. AO/EtBr and DAPI staining revealed a significant reduction in viable cells, with 58.69% apoptosis at 50 µg/ml. Cell cycle analysis indicated a significant increase and decrease of cells from G0/G1 phase and G2/M phase, suggesting that cell free supernatant of bacterial strain induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in HT-29 cells. These findings propose A. viridans CFS as a potential alternative for cancer prevention.

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