Submissions

Login or Register to make a submission.

Submission Preparation Checklist

As part of the submission process, authors are required to check off their submission's compliance with all of the following items, and submissions may be returned to authors that do not adhere to these guidelines.
  • The submission has not been previously published, nor is it under consideration by another journal.
  • By submitting, the authors confirm that they have read and accepted the journal’s Open Access Policy and the Article Processing Charge of 300 EUR, payable only for manuscripts formally accepted for publication.
  • The manuscript has been prepared using the official journal template and complies with the applicable formatting, stylistic, ethical, and submission requirements described in the Author Guidelines.
  • All authors are entered in the submission metadata in the correct order, meet the journal’s authorship criteria, and have approved the submitted version. The manuscript information and OJS metadata are complete and consistent.
  • The references are relevant, accurate, and sufficiently current for the subject of the manuscript. All in-text citations and reference-list entries correspond, and DOI links are included where available. References should follow the Nova Journals Harvard Style or be sufficiently complete and consistent to allow final editorial formatting.
  • The following three mandatory documents have been uploaded as separate files:

    1. Manuscript — editable Word file, including author names and affiliations;
    2. Cover Letter;
    3. Author Statement — completed, signed in blue ink, and submitted as JPG or PDF.

    The Cover Letter includes the names and contact details of three to five qualified potential reviewers from institutions and countries different from those of the authors and without actual or perceived conflicts of interest.

    Authors should not upload a separate anonymized manuscript. The Editorial Office prepares or verifies the anonymized version used for double-blind peer review.

Author Guidelines

Manuscript Preparation and Submission
Author Guidelines
Essential Requirements for Preparing, Submitting, Revising, and Finalizing Manuscripts

Important Notice

Mandatory Submission Documents
During the online submission process, authors must carefully complete all metadata fields in the journal platform and upload the following mandatory documents as separate files:
  1. Manuscript prepared using the official journal template;
  2. Cover Letter;
  3. Author Statement.

The Manuscript Template, Cover Letter, and Author Statement are available in Word format and must be used as official journal documents during manuscript preparation and submission.

Authors should also consult the Extended Author Guidelines available as a PDF file. These provide additional explanations, formatting details, and reference examples and should be used together with the official manuscript template.

Submissions that do not include all mandatory files, or that do not comply with the journal requirements, may be returned to the authors before editorial evaluation.

Download Journal Documents

Required Submission Files

All submissions must include the following mandatory documents, uploaded as separate files:

1. Manuscript
The complete editable Word manuscript must be prepared using the official journal template. Authors should follow the template carefully to ensure correct structure, formatting, and consistency.
2. Cover Letter
The Cover Letter must be uploaded separately and should provide authorship, correspondence, manuscript significance, originality, suitability, and reviewer information.
3. Author Statement
The mandatory Author Statement must be completed, signed, scanned, and uploaded together with the manuscript and Cover Letter.

Cover Letter Requirements

The Cover Letter should include:

  • the full names of all authors;
  • the affiliation and email address of each author;
  • clear identification of the corresponding author;
  • the names, affiliations, institutional email addresses, and relevant expertise of three to five potential reviewers from institutions and countries different from those of the authors, who have no actual or perceived conflicts of interest with the authors or the submitted work.

Suggested reviewers should not be recent collaborators, close professional associates, supervisors, students, family members, or individuals from the same institution as any of the authors. The journal retains full responsibility for reviewer selection and is not obliged to invite the suggested reviewers.

Author Statement Requirements

The Author Statement is mandatory for all submissions. It must be completed, signed, scanned, and uploaded together with the manuscript and Cover Letter. Author Statement — completed, signed in blue ink, scanned, and submitted as PDF or JPEG. If the manuscript is accepted for publication, the journal may request the original signed Author Statement.

General Information

Notulae Scientia Biologicae publishes peer-reviewed scientific papers in biology, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, biotechnology, medicine-related biological sciences, and related interdisciplinary fields.

The journal accepts the following categories of manuscripts:

Research Articles
Original Articles
Notes
Short Research Articles
Review Articles
Critical scientific syntheses
Editorials
Editor-written or commissioned contributions

Research Articles should normally follow the IMRAD structure: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusions. Additional sections such as Authors’ Contributions, Ethical Approval, Acknowledgements, Conflict of Interests, and References should be included where appropriate.

Manuscripts must be written in clear, scientifically sound English. An impersonal scientific style is generally recommended. First person may be used sparingly, only where it improves clarity or appropriately emphasizes the authors’ direct contribution.

General Formatting Requirements

Manuscripts should be prepared on A4 page format and should follow the journal template. The recommended font is EB Garamond, 11 pt for the main text. Authors may initially use a standard, widely available font such as Times New Roman, 11 or 12 pt, when drafting the manuscript. Final formatting, including font standardization, is applied at the production stage.

Authors are strongly encouraged to use the template styles and avoid unnecessary manual formatting. The manuscript should be written clearly, consistently, and in a form suitable for peer review and editorial processing.

Title, Authors, Abstract, and Keywords

Title

The title must be concise, accurate, informative, and should clearly reflect the content of the article. Whenever possible, it should include the organism, system, or topic under investigation.

Avoid unnecessary abbreviations, formulae, and vague introductory phrases such as “Study on…”, “Investigation of…”, or “More about…”. The title should be understandable to specialists from related fields, not only to experts in a very narrow discipline.

Authors and Affiliations

Authors’ full names should be listed in the order intended for publication. Superscript numbers must be used to indicate institutional affiliations. The corresponding author must be clearly marked with an asterisk (*).

Recommended affiliation format:
institution / university, faculty / department, city, country; email

Postal codes are not required and should be omitted. Institutional email addresses are strongly recommended for all authors. ORCID identifiers are also strongly encouraged. A maximum of two corresponding authors is allowed.

Abstract

The abstract should be written as a single paragraph of approximately 200–250 words. It should be concise, informative, and self-explanatory, allowing readers to understand the rationale, methodology, main findings, and relevance of the study without consulting the full text.

The abstract should not contain citations, footnotes, or undefined abbreviations.

Background
Scientific context
Objective
Purpose of the study
Methods
Main methods used
Results
Most important findings
Conclusion
Main implication

Keywords

Provide five to seven keywords, arranged in alphabetical order and separated by semicolons. Keywords should complement the title and abstract and should include relevant terms not already overused in the title. Do not place a period at the end of the keyword list.

Abbreviations

If necessary, a short Abbreviations section may be included after the Keywords. Only abbreviations important for the paper and not immediately obvious to readers should be listed. Define them in alphabetical order and separate them by semicolons.

Metadata in the Submission System

All metadata entered during submission must correspond exactly to the final manuscript version. In particular, the following elements must be identical in both the manuscript and the submission system:

  • Title;
  • Abstract;
  • Keywords;
  • List of Contributors.

Authors must ensure that all contributors are entered in the correct order. When completing metadata:

  • use the correct form of the given name and family name;
  • enter a valid email address for each author;
  • include ORCID iD where available;
  • provide affiliation in a clear and complete form;
  • select the correct country for each author.

The fields Preferred Public Name and Bio Statement do not need to be completed unless specifically requested. If the platform requires references to be inserted into a dedicated metadata field, individual references should be separated clearly, preferably by blank lines.

Introduction and In-Text Citations

The Introduction should provide the scientific context of the study and explain clearly why the research topic is relevant, timely, and important. It should summarize the most relevant literature and establish the current state of knowledge in relation to the investigated problem.

Authors are encouraged to cite recent, credible, and accessible sources, particularly peer-reviewed journal articles indexed in international databases. The Introduction should not become a broad literature review unrelated to the research question. Every paragraph should contribute to defining the problem, identifying the knowledge gap, and building the argument for the study.

The section should end with a clear and explicit statement of the objective, hypothesis, scope, or research question addressed by the paper.

Citation Style in the Text

one author: (Smith, 2019)
two authors: (Johnson and Miller, 2022)
more than two authors: (Anderson et al., 2025)
several references: (Gibson, 2016; Davey et al., 2024; Robson et al., 2026)

Materials and Methods

The Materials and Methods section must describe the study clearly enough to allow understanding, evaluation, and, where relevant, replication of the work.

Authors should present:

  • the study area or biological material, where applicable;
  • the experimental or sampling design;
  • the materials, instruments, datasets, and procedures used;
  • the variables measured;
  • the analytical and statistical methods applied;
  • the software used for data analysis.

Methods should be presented logically and, where useful, divided into clearly titled subsections. Well-established methods may be cited without excessive detail. If a method is uncommon, difficult to access, or published in a non-English source, sufficient explanation should be provided.

Descriptions should be precise, chronological where appropriate, and focused on what is necessary for understanding and reproducibility. Commercial brand names should generally be avoided unless essential; authors should provide the active substance, relevant specifications, or methodological details.

Study Area and Maps

If a map is necessary to describe the study area, authors must ensure that it can legally be published under the journal’s open-access licence. Copyrighted map images or incompatible third-party materials should not be used without permission. Compatible or public-domain resources should be used wherever possible, and the source must be stated in the figure caption.

Ethical Issues

Authors must ensure that the study complies with applicable ethical standards concerning human subjects, animal welfare, environmental protection, and any other relevant area of research ethics.

If research involved humans, informed consent must have been obtained, and the approving ethics committee must be identified. If the study involved animals, authors must indicate the measures taken to ensure ethical treatment and welfare.

For all studies requiring formal approval, state:
  • the name of the approving authority or ethics committee;
  • the ethical approval number or code.

Where applicable, a formal Ethical Approval statement must be included in a dedicated “Ethical Approval” section of the manuscript.

Statistical Analysis

The statistical analysis must be appropriate for the study design and clearly described. Authors should identify:

  • the sample size;
  • the statistical tests used;
  • the assumptions of the tests;
  • the software used;
  • the significance threshold applied.

Where relevant, specify whether data are presented as mean ± SD or mean ± SE. P-values should be reported consistently in the text, tables, and figures. Statistical symbols such as P, r, t, and F should be written in italics.

Style, Units, Numbers, and Equations

  • use decimal points, not commas: 0.6, not 0,6;
  • use a zero before decimals: 0.5, not .5;
  • separate thousands with commas: 1,230;
  • use SI units consistently;
  • leave a space between the numerical value and the unit: 5 g, 16 m, 18.6 °C;
  • use 5% and 55° without extra spacing;
  • use kg ha−1 rather than kg/ha;
  • spell out numbers from one to ten unless associated with units or measurements;
  • write scientific names of species in italics;
  • write cultivar names in single quotation marks, e.g. Malus domestica ‘Golden Delicious’;
  • write Latin expressions such as in vitro, in vivo, and in situ in italics;
  • type equations clearly, format superscripts and subscripts correctly, and number equations consistently where necessary.

Results, Tables, and Figures

Results

The Results section should present findings clearly, logically, and objectively, based strictly on the authors’ own data. Results should not be distorted, selectively omitted, or manipulated.

The section may use relevant subheadings. A combined Results and Discussion section is possible in some cases, but a separate Discussion is generally recommended for clarity. Results should follow a logical sequence and connect closely to tables and figures.

All tables and figures must be cited in the text in the order in which they appear and placed as close as possible to their first citation.

General Principles

  • each table and figure must be numbered consecutively;
  • each must have a concise, informative title or caption;
  • captions should allow understanding without repeatedly returning to the main text;
  • all symbols, abbreviations, units, significance levels, statistical letters, and tests must be defined;
  • data presented in tables should not be duplicated in figures, and vice versa.

Tables

Tables should be editable, not embedded as images. Column headings must be explanatory, units must be clear, and the layout should remain readable. If smaller fonts are required in large tables, the font should not be smaller than 8 pt.

Figures

Figures, graphs, photographs, and combined panels must be clear, well designed, and of sufficient quality for publication. A minimum resolution of 300 dpi is recommended.

Preferred formats include TIFF, PNG, and EPS. JPEG is acceptable for photographic images if the resolution and overall quality are sufficient. Multi-panel figures should be labelled A, B, C, etc., and each panel should be described in the caption.

Figure 1
Figure 2A
Figures 2B and 2C
Figures 3A–D

Authors are encouraged to use colour figures when they improve clarity. Editable source files should be retained where possible in case revisions are required during editing.

Figure Captions

Figure captions should follow the figure and should be informative but not excessively long. Rather than writing “Figure 1 shows…”, authors are encouraged to integrate the figure citation naturally into the sentence, for example: “The highest infection intensity was observed in leaves (Figure 1).”

Cover Image (Featured Artwork)

Authors of accepted articles may optionally submit a Cover Image (Featured Artwork) for possible use in connection with the publication and promotion of their article. Submission of a cover image is voluntary and has no influence on the editorial decision or acceptance of the manuscript.

Technical Requirements
The preferred format is widescreen (16:9). Images should be submitted as PNG or TIFF files with sufficient resolution for high-quality online and promotional use; a minimum resolution of 300 dpi is recommended, with sufficient pixel dimensions for high-quality display.
Content and Design
The image should be directly related to the published research and may consist of a compelling photograph, a clear scientific visualization, or a carefully prepared collage. It should be visually attractive and uncluttered. Extensive text, complex legends, and dense graphical elements should be avoided.
Accessibility
Authors must provide a concise one-sentence description of the image. This description may be used as alternative text and related web metadata to support accessibility and discoverability.
Copyright and Permissions
The submitted artwork must be original or lawfully reusable. Authors are responsible for ensuring that all photographs, illustrations, maps, satellite imagery, graphical elements, datasets, or other materials incorporated into the image may legally be used and published. Where third-party material is included, all necessary permissions or licences must have been obtained before submission. The cover image must not infringe copyright, privacy, trademark, or other third-party rights.

By submitting a cover image, the authors grant Notulae Scientia Biologicae and its publisher a non-exclusive right to reproduce, resize, crop, technically adapt, publish, archive, and use the artwork in connection with the journal and the promotion of the associated article. Copyright ownership otherwise remains with the respective rights holder.

A cover image is intended as a visual feature and does not need to reproduce the function of a technical Graphical Abstract. Submission does not guarantee publication of the artwork. Final selection remains at the discretion of the Editorial Office and may depend on editorial relevance, visual quality, technical suitability, and available space.

Supplementary Material and Appendices

Additional datasets, images, files, tables, or other supporting materials may be uploaded as Supplementary Files during submission. Supplementary files are also made available to reviewers during peer review. Authors should use common, widely accessible file formats whenever possible.

Additional material essential for understanding or reproducing the study, but not central to the main text, may be included as Appendices. Appendices should be placed at the end of the manuscript, before the References section.

In appendices labelled A, B, etc., tables and figures must be numbered separately from the main text, for example:

Table A1, Table A2
Figure A1, Figure A2

All tables and figures included in appendices must be cited in the main text. Other materials not suitable for inclusion in the manuscript, such as large datasets or additional images, may be submitted separately as Supplementary Material and made available alongside the published article.

Discussion and Conclusions

Discussion

The Discussion should interpret the results and place them in the context of existing scientific literature. It should not merely repeat the Results section.

Authors should explain:

  • how the findings relate to the original question or hypothesis;
  • whether the results support or contradict previous studies;
  • what is novel or significant about the work;
  • what limitations should be acknowledged;
  • what future directions may arise from the findings.

The Discussion should be balanced, scientifically reasoned, and supported by relevant citations. The aim is not simply to increase the number of references, but to interpret the findings within a meaningful scientific framework.

Conclusions

The Conclusions section should summarize only conclusions directly supported by the results. It should emphasize the main message and relevant implications without repeating detailed results, introducing new information, or making claims beyond the evidence.

Authors’ Contributions and Authorship

The contribution of each author must be specified in a dedicated section entitled Authors’ Contributions. All listed authors must define their roles according to the CRediT Taxonomy:

Conceptualization; Data curation; Formal analysis; Funding acquisition; Investigation; Methodology; Project administration; Resources; Software; Supervision; Validation; Visualization; Writing – original draft; Writing – review and editing.

Authors must be identified by initials, for example: Conceptualization: A.B., C.D.; Data curation: A.B., E.F. Authors may have contributed in multiple roles.

Required statement:
All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Authorship must be limited to persons who made substantial scientific contributions and meet all four ICMJE criteria:

  • substantial contribution to the conception or design of the work, or acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data;
  • drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content;
  • final approval of the version to be published;
  • agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

General technical, financial, administrative, or purely facilitative support should be acknowledged rather than treated as authorship.

Ethical Approval, Acknowledgements, and Conflicts of Interest

Ethical Approval

For research involving humans or animals, a dedicated Ethical Approval statement must be included in the manuscript, identifying the approving body and corresponding approval code. For studies involving human participants, authors must also confirm informed consent where applicable.

Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements should be concise and limited to relevant support, especially financial support, grants, institutional assistance, or other significant contributions that do not justify authorship.

“This work was supported by …, grant number …”

“This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.”

Conflict of Interests

Authors must disclose any personal, professional, financial, or institutional relationships that could be perceived as influencing the work.

“The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest related to this article.”

“The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.”

References

At the initial submission stage, strict reference formatting is not mandatory unless otherwise requested. However, references must be complete, accurate, and consistent. After acceptance, references must be formatted according to the Nova Journals Harvard Style.

Authors should ensure that:

  • every in-text citation appears in the reference list;
  • every listed reference is cited in the text;
  • references are arranged in alphabetical order;
  • sources are accurate, accessible, and relevant;
  • journal titles are written in full, not abbreviated;
  • DOIs are included as full URLs where available.

Authors are encouraged to cite primarily peer-reviewed journal articles and high-quality academic sources. Books, reports, theses, and web resources may be used where justified, but should not dominate the reference list in standard research articles.

Reference Examples

Journal articles
Anderson PT, Devi ZHT, Diggins T, Stanford Z, Stone V, Roth S, et al. (2017). Nutrition analysis of cherry juice. Scientia Pomologica Journal, 19: 234–241. https://doi.org/xxxxx

Johnson BV, Miller CK (2020). Response to diseases attack of European (Pyrus communis L.) and Asian (Pyrus serotina Rehd.) pear cultivars. Fruit Trees Pathology, 31: 125–136. https://doi.org/xxxxx

Smith D (2019). Biosynthesis of phenolic compounds and its regulation in pear. Journal of Biosynthesis, 37(1): 54–63. https://doi.org/xxxxx
Books
Abbot MC (2014). Molecular cell biology. San Diego: Academic Press.
Book chapters
Gibson JH (1999). Apples. In: Taylor K, Noon YT, eds. Advances in fruit breeding. West Lafayette, Indiana: California University Press, pp. 3–37.
Conference proceedings
Davey SD, Norris TG, Saylor JL (2014). Advances in cucumber fertility. In: Knorr VB, Sting F, Banner Y, eds. Proceedings of the Society for Horticultural Sciences 2014 Conference. Sydney: Springer, pp. 113–119.
Theses
Nemeth V (2016). Decision support systems for the evaluation and use of orchards. PhD Thesis, Corvinus University, Budapest.
Web sources
Department of Agriculture (2019). German agricultural statistics for 2018. German Agriculture Department Munich. Available at: http://www.germanyagriculture.gov/projects (Accessed: 12 February 2020).

Formatting Citations and References

The journal uses the Nova Journals Harvard Style. Authors are strongly encouraged to use Zotero or another reference management program for accurate and consistent formatting.

Download Nova Journals Harvard Style (Zotero CSL)

Download the ZIP file, extract it, and import the CSL file into Zotero.

Before Submission – Final Check

  • the manuscript follows the journal template;
  • all mandatory files are uploaded;
  • metadata are complete and identical to the manuscript;
  • the text is written in clear academic English;
  • all figures and tables are cited correctly;
  • ethical and authorship statements are included where required;
  • references are accurate and appropriate for the study.

Related Information

Copyright Notice

Copyright and Publishing Rights

Authors retain copyright in their articles and retain their publishing rights.

By accepting publication, authors grant Notulae Scientia Biologicae and its publisher, the Society of Land Measurements and Cadastre from Transylvania (SMTCT), a non-exclusive licence to edit, publish, distribute, preserve, and make the article available in digital and other formats.

Reuse of the published article is governed by the applicable CC BY 4.0 licence and requires appropriate attribution to the author or authors and the original publication.

Copyright and Licensing  ·  Open Access Policy

Privacy Statement

Data Protection and Confidentiality
Privacy Statement
Responsible Collection, Use, and Protection of Personal Information

Privacy Commitment

Notulae Scientia Biologicae respects the privacy of authors, reviewers, editors, readers, registered users, and other persons who interact with the journal.

Personal information collected through the journal platform is used only for legitimate editorial, publishing, communication, administrative, technical, preservation, and reporting purposes connected with journal operations.

Personal information is not sold to third parties and is not used for unrelated commercial marketing.

Journal and Publisher Responsibility

Notulae Scientia Biologicae is owned and published by the Society of Land Measurements and Cadastre from Transylvania (SMTCT).

Administrative, technical, and publishing services may be provided by authorized personnel and service providers acting on behalf of the journal and publisher, including the journal platform, hosting, metadata, preservation, invoicing, and communication services.

Access to personal information is limited to persons who require it for legitimate journal-related responsibilities.

Information Collected

Depending on the user’s role and interaction with the journal, the following information may be collected:

Identity and Contact Details
Name, e-mail address, telephone number where provided, postal address, institutional affiliation, country, and professional role.
Academic Information
ORCID, institutional profile, subject expertise, publications, professional interests, and reviewer qualifications.
OJS Account Information
OJS account and user-role information, login activity, account preferences, and communication history.
Submission and Review Records
Manuscripts, supplementary files, reviewer reports, editorial decisions, correspondence, declarations, and publication metadata.
Technical Information
IP address, browser information, device information, server logs, cookies, and platform-security records.
Administrative and Billing Information
Payer details, billing entity, tax information, project information, payment references, and invoicing correspondence where applicable.

Purposes of Processing

Personal information may be used for the following purposes:

  • managing manuscript submission, editorial assessment, peer review, revision, acceptance, production, and publication;
  • communicating with authors, reviewers, editors, readers, and administrative contacts;
  • verifying authorship, affiliations, ORCID identifiers, reviewer expertise, and conflicts of interest;
  • registering and distributing metadata, DOIs, and publication records;
  • supporting indexing, preservation, archiving, and discoverability;
  • investigating ethical concerns, complaints, appeals, corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions;
  • administering Article Processing Charges, billing, and invoicing;
  • maintaining platform security, preventing misuse, and resolving technical problems;
  • preparing internal statistics and reports necessary for journal administration and development.

Editorial Confidentiality

Submitted manuscripts, supplementary files, reviewer reports, reviewer identities, editorial correspondence, unpublished data, and editorial decisions are treated as confidential.

Access is restricted to authorized editors, reviewers, technical staff, publisher representatives, and service providers who require the information to perform legitimate journal-related tasks.

Reviewers and editors must not use confidential manuscript information for personal, academic, commercial, or professional advantage.

Confidential content must not be uploaded to unauthorized artificial intelligence platforms or other external services.

Information Made Public

When an article is published, certain information becomes part of the permanent scholarly record. This may include:

  • author names and affiliations;
  • corresponding author contact information;
  • ORCID identifiers;
  • article title, abstract, keywords, and references;
  • funding and conflict-of-interest statements;
  • author-contribution statements;
  • ethical approval and consent information where relevant;
  • article metadata, DOI, publication history, and licensing information.

Authors are responsible for checking the accuracy of all personal, institutional, and publication metadata before final publication.

Sharing of Information

Personal and publication information may be shared only where necessary for legitimate journal operations, legal compliance, research integrity, or scholarly communication.

Relevant information may be shared with:

Editors and Reviewers
Publishing and Technical Staff
DOI and Metadata Services
Indexing and Preservation Services
Financial and Invoicing Services
Institutions or Authorities in Ethical Cases

Where credible concerns regarding misconduct, legal obligations, research integrity, safety, or ethical compliance arise, relevant information may be shared with institutions, ethics committees, funders, regulatory bodies, courts, or other competent authorities.

Cookies and Technical Data

The journal platform may use cookies and similar technical mechanisms necessary for login, session management, navigation, security, language preferences, and normal platform operation.

Server logs may record technical information such as IP address, browser type, date and time of access, requested pages, and system events. Such information may be used for security, diagnostics, platform maintenance, and aggregated usage analysis.

Data Retention

Personal information is retained only for as long as reasonably necessary for editorial, publishing, administrative, legal, preservation, financial, research-integrity, and scholarly-record purposes.

Submission, review, editorial, and publication records may need to be retained for an extended period because they form part of the journal’s editorial history and may be required to address corrections, ethical concerns, appeals, disputes, or legal obligations.

Published article metadata and the scholarly record are intended to remain permanently available.

Data Security

The journal and publisher apply reasonable administrative, technical, and organizational measures to protect personal information against unauthorized access, misuse, loss, alteration, disclosure, or destruction.

Users are responsible for protecting their account credentials and should notify the Editorial Office if they suspect unauthorized access to their account or personal information.

No online system can guarantee absolute security. Where a significant data-security incident occurs, appropriate action will be taken in accordance with applicable obligations.

User Requests and Rights

Users may contact the journal regarding access to, correction of, or clarification concerning their personal information.

Requests to remove or restrict personal information will be considered in accordance with applicable legal, contractual, editorial, preservation, research-integrity, and scholarly-record obligations.

Information forming part of the permanent publication record may not be removed merely upon request. Corrections to published metadata are handled through the journal’s editorial and post-publication procedures.

Information Concerning Minors

The journal platform is intended primarily for researchers, professionals, students, and institutional users engaged in scholarly communication.

Research involving minors must comply with applicable ethical and legal requirements, including appropriate consent or assent and protection of identifiable information.

External Websites and Services

The journal website may contain links to external platforms, databases, repositories, professional profiles, indexing services, payment services, and other third-party resources.

These external services operate under their own privacy and data-protection policies. The journal is not responsible for the privacy practices of third-party websites.

Policy Updates

This Privacy Statement may be revised when legal, technical, editorial, administrative, or publishing practices change.

The current version published on the journal website applies to the processing of information through the journal platform.

Privacy Enquiries

Questions, requests, or concerns regarding privacy and personal information may be submitted to the Editorial Office using the contact details available on the Contact page.

Related Policies